Objectives
Course Objective :
In the first stage, the objective is to introduce the student to all the fields covered by the domain of Science and Technology, and in the second stage, to provide an overview of the careers that arise from these disciplines. In the same context, this course also acquaints the student with the new challenges of sustainable development and the emerging professions that may result from them.
chapter 3 : Branches of Automation and Industrial Engineering:
Automatic and Automation:
Definition :
Automatic: The term "automatic" relates to the field of automation, which is a multidisciplinary science that deals with the modeling, analysis, identification, and control of dynamic systems. In its essence, automation involves the application of mathematical, signal theory, and computer theory foundations to develop control strategies that ensure a system adheres to specified criteria, which could include factors like speed, accuracy, stability, and more.
Automation Professionals: Professionals who specialize in the field of automation are often referred to as "automaticians." These individuals are experts in the theory and practice of designing, implementing, and maintaining automated control systems in various industries.
Automation Objects: Automation allows for the design and creation of specific objects and control mechanisms to carry out the automation of a system. These objects, often referred to as "automations" or "control-control organs," play a crucial role in ensuring that a controlled system operates in a manner consistent with predetermined specifications and requirements. Examples of these objects include automatic control systems and regulators.
In summary, "automatic" and "automation" are closely linked terms that encompass the science of controlling dynamic systems using mathematical and theoretical foundations. Automation professionals, known as "automaticians," are responsible for designing and implementing control mechanisms and objects to ensure that systems meet predefined criteria and function efficiently.
Professions in Automation and Industrial IT:
Automation Technician or Engineer: These professionals have expertise in the design, installation, programming, and maintenance of automated systems, including robots and programmable controllers. They can work in various sectors, including:
Manufacturing industry: Where they are responsible for optimizing production processes and ensuring machinery functions efficiently.
Processing industries: Such as chemical, petrochemical, or food processing, where they oversee control and instrumentation systems.
Home automation: In this field, they focus on creating smart home systems that improve convenience and energy efficiency.
Special machines: Automation engineers working on special machines design and integrate automation solutions for custom equipment.
Control, Command, and Instrumentation Engineer: In process industries like cement, oil exploration, or chemical manufacturing, professionals in this role are responsible for the control and monitoring of industrial processes. They ensure that systems operate safely and efficiently, using automated control systems and instrumentation.
Special Machine Automation Engineer: These automation engineers are versatile and have a broad skill set. They are proficient in mechanical design, software tools like SEE Electrical, Autocad, or Catia, pneumatics, hydraulics, and electrical engineering. Their work involves designing and implementing automation solutions for unique, specialized machines or equipment.
Industrial Computing Specialist: Automation specialists who focus on industrial computing have in-depth knowledge of industrial networks, fieldbuses, databases, and communication protocols with programmable controllers. They work on integrating and optimizing software and communication systems in industrial settings to improve efficiency and data management.
These professions play a crucial role in a wide range of industries, ensuring that automation and control systems are effectively designed, implemented, and maintained. They contribute to increased productivity, reduced operational costs, and improved safety in various industrial and manufacturing processes. Professionals in these roles often work closely with multidisciplinary teams to achieve automation and IT goals.
Application fields Automatic and industrial engeneering
The fields of Automation and Industrial Engineering have a broad range of applications across various industries. Here are some of the key application fields for these disciplines:
Manufacturing Industry: Automation and industrial engineering play a central role in manufacturing. They are involved in optimizing production processes, ensuring quality control, and reducing production costs. This includes the automation of assembly lines, robotic welding, CNC machining, and material handling systems.
Process Industries: Process industries such as chemical manufacturing, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and food processing heavily rely on automation and industrial engineering. These fields are involved in controlling and monitoring complex chemical processes, ensuring safety, and maintaining consistent product quality.
Energy Production: In the energy sector, automation and industrial engineering are crucial for the operation and maintenance of power plants, including fossil fuel, nuclear, and renewable energy facilities. They are responsible for controlling and monitoring energy production processes, optimizing energy distribution, and ensuring safety protocols.
Aerospace and Automotive: These industries benefit from automation in manufacturing processes, including the assembly of aircraft and automotive components. Automation also plays a role in quality control and testing of these products.
Robotics: Automation engineers are involved in the design, development, and programming of industrial robots used in various industries, including automotive, electronics, and logistics. Robots are used for tasks such as welding, painting, and material handling.
Supply Chain and Logistics: Automation and industrial engineering are used to optimize supply chain and logistics operations. This includes the automation of warehouses, sorting and distribution systems, and supply chain management.
Home Automation: Home automation integrates technology and automation for residential buildings. It includes smart home systems that control lighting, heating, cooling, security, and entertainment systems, enhancing convenience and energy efficiency.
Healthcare: Automation and industrial engineering are applied in healthcare for tasks like automated drug dispensing, robotic surgery, and medical equipment manufacturing. These technologies contribute to improved patient care and increased efficiency in healthcare processes.
Environmental Engineering: In the context of environmental engineering, automation is used for environmental monitoring, pollution control, and waste management. It plays a role in ensuring compliance with environmental regulations.
Agriculture: Automation is used in precision agriculture for tasks like automated planting, harvesting, and monitoring of crops. It helps increase agricultural efficiency and reduce resource consumption.
Telecommunications: Automation and industrial engineering are involved in the management of telecommunications networks and the development of communication systems and devices.
Research and Development: Automation and industrial engineering are essential in laboratories and research facilities for automating experiments, data collection, and sample handling.
Smart Cities: In the context of smart cities, automation is used to enhance urban living through automated traffic management, waste collection, and energy-efficient infrastructure.
These application fields showcase the versatility and significance of automation and industrial engineering in modern industries. They contribute to improved efficiency, safety, and resource management in various sectors, ultimately driving economic growth and technological advancement.
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