Quantitative characteristics of solutions

Osmolality concentration W

  • In a liquid medium, the molecules of the solvent and solutes, or their ions when they are capable of dissociation, move over each other. Each one constitutes a "kinetic unit."

  • Osmole is representing a number of kinetic units.

  • The number of osmoles (kinetic units) per unit volume of the solution.

  • it is expressed in Osm/m3 or mOsm/L.

W = i × C W=i×C

C: molar concentration, i : ionization coefficient

Ionic Concentration

The ionic concentration is the quantity or number of ions present in a solution. It is symbolized by C_i. It is expressed in g ions/m3 or grams ions/L.

C i = C i ( positive ion ) + C i ( negative ion ) = ( n + . a . C ) + ( n . a . C ) C_{i} = C_{i}(positive-ion) + C_{i}(negative-ion)=(n+.a.C)+(n-.a.C)
  • Ci: The ionic concentration of the Mole solution

  • 𝐶𝑖+ : The ionic concentration of Mole cations

  • 𝐶𝑖− : The ionic concentration of Mole anions

  • n+: Number of moles of cations

  • n-: Number of moles of anions

  • α : Degree of ionic dissociation of the solute

  • C: The molar concentration of the solution

Equivalent Concentration

Equivalent concentration measures the amount of electrical charge (expressed in equations) present in an electrolyte, it is expressed in equivalent /m3 or equivalent /L.

C eq = C eq ( positive ion ) + C eq ( negative ion ) = z + . Ci + z . Ci = z + . n + . a . C + z . n . a . C C_{eq}= C_{eq}( positive-ion )+C_{eq}( negative-ion )=z+. Ci + z-. Ci=z+.n+.a. C + z-.n-.a. C
  • Ceq: equivalent concentration of the Mole solution

  • 𝐶𝑖 +: ionic concentration of Mole cations

  • 𝐶𝑖 − : ionic concentration of Mole anions

  • z+: Number of valence of cations

  • z-: Number of valence of anions