The ancient Bureaucracies of the Civilizations of China and Persia and their relationship to the Development of Human Resource Management Functions فوزية شرقي

Abstract: This research aims to shed light on the concept of the bureaucracies of the ancient civilizations of the Chinese and Persian empires and their relationship with the development of human resources management functions, by investigating the historical process of the ancient dynasties of the two civilizations with a focus on analyzing their political and administrative organization. The historical method, the functional-structural and archaeological approach were relied upon to analyze these historical paths according to the historical stages known by the dynasties of Chinese civilization ( Xia, Shang Yan Zhu and others, BC and AC ); as well as the dynasties of Persian civilization( Babylon, Sumer, Susa ). The latest archaeological discoveries in both civilizations indicate the existence of Administrative Development; the giant ritual City valued the contribution of women supervisors in the management of the payroll of many sects, races and religions in the Achaemenid Empire of Persian world state ( Persepolis 550-330 BC ) and the - Elamite script model; while in the Chinese ruling dynasties, the public function systems of the Chinese employee were developed within the system of Nine Ranks and methods of applying for exams for bureaucracy. This proves the impact of the bureaucracies of ancient civilizations in the development of governance and functions of human management. Keywords: Bureaucracies of Chinese and Persian dynasty, Mandarins, Nine-Ranks Systems, Persian women bureaucrats املؤلف املرسل: فوزية شرقي، ال مييل: dz.msila-univ@chergui.